阅读策略二：扫读/寻读

【什么是扫读/寻读】

扫读/寻读（scanning, reading for specific information），扫读/寻读(scanning)是以最快的速度扫视所读材料，在找到所需信息时才仔细阅读该项内容。如查找某个人名、地名、时间、地点等，也即在寻找特定信息、寻找具体事实、寻找答题所需内容时都用这种方法。

【扫读/寻读技巧】

★ 扫读/寻读的目的：了解文章的大意和主题思想，并对文章的结构有个总的概念，从而了解文本的细节信息。

★ 扫读/寻读的关键在于找到关键词（clue/key words）。关键词的特点如下：

名词或名词词组（人名、地名、时间、数字都是特别好找的。）

如名词重复太多，或不突出，也可以找动词。

实在没有选择时，也可以考虑使用题目中的形容词和副词作为关键词。

★ 扫读/寻读的注意事项：

应特别注意关键词，因为它们往往是出题的地方，解题的关键。找到关键词，要标记题号，不然回头再找就麻烦了。

要注意标题（副标题），这有助于猜测文章的主题、内容，从而有利于把握作者的意图。

要注意篇首、正文部分和篇尾的结构、布局，从而有助于猜测哪里会有你需要的信息。

完成阅读理解题中的细节理解题或任务型阅读题中的细节理解题，如简答题，要注意特殊疑问词及题干中的关键词。

例如：

When he studied math and science at Oxford University, he became seriously ill, which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines. Till now, he can’t move or feed himself and he is helped to dress, eat and wash by a nurse. However, he has a wheelchair with a special computer, with which he can communicate with others.

Why was Hawking unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines?

________________________________________________________

分析：这是简答题，需要细节理解。看题干中的关键词：be unable to speak or breathe，通过扫读找到文中相关的语句“…which made him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines …”，然后看特殊疑问词why，再扫读找到“再扫读找到疑问词ade him unable to speak or breathe without the help of machines …”ill, 可知原因在于“知原因在于疑问词e seriously ill”，所以答案为：Because he became seriously ill.

再如：

We first spent some time with the kangaroos. We were allowed to touch and feed them. It was very exciting to be so close to them. There were koalas there too. They looked very cuddly (令人想拥抱的). Although we were not allowed to carry them, I got to take a photo with one.

It is a wonderful souvenir (纪念品) of my holiday in Sydney.

（  ）What is a wonderful souvenir of the writer’s holiday?

　  A. A parrot that could talk. 　B. A chance to feed a koala.

　  C. A photo with a koala. 　D. Food for the kangaroos.

分析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Although we were not allowed to carry them, I got to take a photo with one.It is a wonderful souvenir (纪念品) of my holiday in Sydney.”，再接着寻读可知句中的them、one指的是考拉，由此可知可知作者假期中的精彩的纪念是跟考拉熊的合影。因此答案为C。

（未完，待续）