阅读策略十二:理解指代
【什么是指代】
指代题一般是就文中划线的词和句子,进行同义转换,看似简单,但如果想做好必须对相关部分的信息有一个比较准确地理解和把握。
【指代技巧】
指代题有两种,一种是代词的指代,一种是名词的指代。往前寻找对应的词,同时可以采取代入法的方式解题,即将四个选项都代入文中进行比对。
做指代题的时候要注意,首先要把代词或名词所在的句子拿出来做长难句分析,理清句子结构;其次要联系上下文,读懂相关句子的含义,掌握相关信息,可以将选项代入原文,多少会排除一两个;最后就是要本着所见即所得的原理,不做过度的推理。
不同的题型有不同的应对方法,但对于英语阅读的复习却是应对不同题型的通用法宝,不管是词汇、长难句的积累,还是语感的把握,都能为不同解题方法的实施更好地奠定基础,大家一定要双管齐下,才能在考场上出奇制胜。
例如:
“The paper is not easy to keep, but the code is easy to keep and share.” Guo said. “48 It is worth trying to use new technology in education. Education itself is a kind of creation. I don’t want my students to fall behind the times.”
( )What does “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to (指代)?
A. The paper is not easy to keep. B. Keeping and sharing the code easily.
C. Trying to use new technology in education.
D. Education itself is a kind of creation.
分析:指代题。题干意为:第四段的it指代的是什么?这是句式:It+be+adj.+todosth.,这是一个it做形式主语,不定式做真正主语的句子,所以指代的是不定式结构“形式主语,不定式做真正主语的句子,所以指代的是不定式结构 of cre。
再如:
“Your negative( 消极的) thoughts are just like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpacks. The mote negative thoughts you have, the heavier your mind will be.” said our uncle.
( )The underlined word "them" refers to "______" in the passage.
A. the stones B. the backpacks C. the positive thoughts D. the negative thoughts
分析:指代题。要想知道这个代词them指代的对象,我们要看上一句“Your negative( 消极的) thoughts are just like stones.你的消极的想法就像石头一样。)的,因此这里的them指代的应该是negative thoughts,因此答案为D。